Timor-Leste Establishes Legal Framework for Marine Scientific Research and Blue Economy Policy
On June 25, 2025, the Government of Timor-Leste approved a comprehensive legal framework to regulate international marine scientific research within its maritime territory. Presented by Prime Minister Kay Rala Xanana Gusmão, the draft decree-law aligns with the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and international best practices, ensuring the protection of Timor-Leste’s sovereignty and jurisdiction. This framework sets clear procedures for authorizing foreign states and international organizations to conduct marine research, aiming to promote ocean knowledge, strengthen international cooperation, and support the country’s strategic priorities. It also reflects Timor-Leste’s commitment to global agreements such as the BBNJ Agreement and the United Nations’ 2030 Sustainable Development Goals, particularly Goal 14, which focuses on marine conservation and sustainable use of ocean resources.
The new legal regime is designed to stimulate the development of new marine research fields, support the training of Timorese researchers—especially young scientists—and enhance knowledge exchange with international partners. Timor-Leste’s extensive and biodiverse maritime area is recognized as a natural laboratory of significant scientific value on a global scale.
Simultaneously, the Council of Ministers approved in principle the Strategic Orientation of the Blue Economy Policy and Action Plan for 2025–2030. This policy aims to foster a resilient and sustainable ocean-based economy by integrating social, economic, and environmental pillars. Its key objectives include job creation, poverty reduction, and climate change mitigation, with a particular focus on vulnerable coastal communities. The policy outlines concrete measures to improve ocean governance, protect marine ecosystems, and enhance the livelihoods of coastal populations. It represents a paradigm shift toward an integrated development model that balances economic growth with environmental sustainability.
The Blue Economy Policy is currently being finalized and will undergo a public consultation process involving relevant institutions, local communities, and civil society stakeholders. Following this, the final version will be submitted for formal approval by the Council of Ministers.
Together, the legal framework for marine scientific research and the Blue Economy Policy mark important milestones in Timor-Leste’s efforts to sustainably manage its rich marine resources. These initiatives position the country as a valuable contributor to global ocean science and conservation, while promoting sustainable economic development that benefits both the environment and local communities.